Neurosurgeon Professor Chen Pin-yuan shared on his personal Facebook page that a brain infection occurs when bacteria, viruses, or other pathogens invade the brain or meninges, causing an inflammatory response. Although the brain is protected by the skull and the blood-brain barrier, some common daily habits may surprisingly give pathogens an opportunity to invade the brain, leading to severe infections like encephalitis or meningitis, which can be life-threatening.
The nasal cavity is filled with capillaries and nerves and is located close to the brain. Picking the nose with unclean fingers or sharp objects can easily damage the nasal mucosa, cause bleeding, and allow bacteria to enter, increasing the risk of intracranial infection.
The area on the face formed by connecting the nose and the corners of the mouth is known as the "danger triangle," where blood vessels lead directly to the brain. Squeezing pimples or blackheads in this area can allow bacteria to travel backward along the blood vessels into the skull, potentially causing severe complications like cavernous sinus thrombosis or brain abscess.
The mouth harbors a large amount of bacteria. After procedures like tooth extraction or implants, if wound care is poor or immunity is low, bacteria can reach the brain via the bloodstream. Patients with heart valve issues or weakened immune systems are at higher risk. Therefore, post-operative care should strictly follow medical advice:
Head injuries, fractures, or puncture wounds from accidents, falls, or sports injuries can allow bacteria to directly invade the skull. Open head wounds require immediate medical attention, including debridement and preventive antibiotics.
If conditions like otitis media (middle ear infection) or sinusitis are not properly treated, bacteria can spread inward to the brain. Be particularly vigilant if chronic otitis media recurs or sinusitis symptoms persist for over three months without improvement, and seek active treatment.
The immune system is a crucial defense against infections. When immunity is compromised, the risk of brain infection increases significantly. High-risk groups include:
Chen urges the public to seek professional medical help promptly for any discomfort, as brain infections can progress rapidly. Self-treatment should be avoided.
According to Apollo Hospital, bacterial meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes (meninges) covering the brain and spinal cord caused by bacterial infection. It is severe and potentially life-threatening. If left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, including brain damage, hearing loss, and even death. The most common bacteria causing this condition include Streptococcus pneumoniae, Neisseria meningitidis, and Haemophilus influenzae.
Symptoms of bacterial meningitis develop rapidly, usually within hours to days. Common symptoms include:
